The outgoing two-term president also plans a major valedictory speech in Chicago, his hometown, shortly before his presidency ends.
Obama will travel to the Capitol on Wednesday morning for the meeting with House and Senate Democrats, according to an invitation sent to lawmakers.
The White House is casting it as an effort to unite Democrats behind a plan to protect the law, known as the Affordable Care Act, before Republicans have a chance to settle on their own plan for repealing it.
Democrats are on edge over the future of the Act, given the Republicans disdain for “Obamacare” and President-elect Donald Trump’s vows to gut it.
Though Republicans are united behind the notion of repealing the law, however, they are split over how best to replace it.
Some want to strip out unpopular provisions while leaving others intact, while other Republicans prefer a start-from-scratch approach.
It is that lack of unanimity among Republicans that Obama and Democrats hope can be exploited, if they can lay the groundwork even before Trump takes office.
To this end, Obama also planned to answer questions about the future of the health care law on Friday during a livestreamed event at Blair House, just across Pennsylvania Avenue from the White House.
Initially stunned by the defeat of Hillary Clinton, Democrats are now trying to organise a counter-attack to preserve the Act, among the most significant expansions of the social safety net since Medicare and Medicaid were created 50 years ago.
House Democratic leader Nancy Pelosi has urged her lawmakers to make health care their focus at the start of the year.
Defenders of the law have also launched a political coalition called “Protect Our Care,” bringing together more than 20 groups, including the NAACP and the Service Employees International Union.
One of their objectives is to try to prevent Republicans from repealing the Act without also enacting a replacement.
Currently, Republicans plan to quickly vote on repealing the law, and delay the effective date to give them time to craft a replacement.
Another goal for Democrats is to pre-empt bigger health care changes to Medicare and Medicaid long sought by Republicans.
Since the Act passed, about 20 million people have gained coverage and the uninsured rate has dropped to a historic low of around nine per cent.
Some of the coverage gains are due to employers offering jobs with health care in a stronger economy, but most experts mainly credit Obama’s law.
A recent poll suggests that defenders of the law may get a receptive hearing from the public.
Only about one in four Americans want Trump and the Republican-led Congress to completely repeal the Act, according to a post-election survey by the nonpartisan Kaiser Family Foundation.
“Republicans do not fully appreciate the implications of even a partial repeal of the Act,” Rob Restuccia, Executive Director of Community Catalyst, one of the advocacy groups in the coalition trying to preserve the law, said.
“People use the analogy of the dog that caught the car,” Restuccia added.
Obama’s speech in Chicago on Jan. 10 is expected to serve as his closing words to the nation as president.
His appearance will be open to the public and followed by a “family reunion” for alumni of Obama’s former campaigns, according to a save-the-date notice sent to Obama alumni and obtained by network.
The White House has not confirmed Obama’s speech or trip to Chicago.
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